Day3 教学示例：增强版计算器接入 + QMainWindow/QSS 两版参考实现

- calculator_designer_ext（Day2 增强版：表达式求值 + 括号，递归下降解析器）接入 cmake - calculator_mainwindow（Day3 上午）：增强版计算器装进 QMainWindow，菜单/状态栏/历史停靠窗，纯代码 + 显式 connect，与 mainwindow_showcase 形成坑卡对照 - calculator_mainwindow_qss（Day3 下午）：上午版 + QSS 双主题美化（按键分色/伪状态/深浅切换） - 验证 mainwindow_showcase（QMainWindow 六大组件综合演示，.ui + .qrc） - OUTLINE_4DAY.md / ASSIGNMENTS.md Day3 衔接增强版起点 + 参考实现指引 - 补提交 Day2 calculator/ 与 calculator_designer/ 参考实现（CMakeLists 已引用） - 全量构建 28/28，4 目标离屏自测退出码 0 Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-07-07 22:59:05 +08:00
parent ea6f12e7ac
commit 05a685c952
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+// ============================================================================
+//  mainwindow.cpp —— Day3 下午版实现（上午版 + QSS 双主题）
+//  与 ../calculator_mainwindow/mainwindow.cpp 的差异全部集中在本文件的 QSS 部分
+//  （见 kLightQss / kDarkQss / applyStyle / onToggleTheme / 视图菜单多一项），
+//  菜单/停靠窗/状态栏/历史/自测的计算用例部分一字未改。
+// ============================================================================
+#include "mainwindow.h"
+#include "calculatordesigner.h"
+
+#include <QAction>
+#include <QApplication>
+#include <QDebug>
+#include <QDockWidget>
+#include <QKeySequence>
+#include <QListWidget>
+#include <QListWidgetItem>
+#include <QMenu>
+#include <QMenuBar>
+#include <QMessageBox>
+#include <QStatusBar>
+
+// ---- QSS：按按键功能分色，ID 选择器精确定位（widget.ui 里已设好 objectName）----
+// 教学要点：QSS 选择器认的是 objectName——setObjectName("btnEquals") 之后才能用
+// #btnEquals{...}。本例的 objectName 在 widget.ui 里已定义，无需再 setObjectName。
+namespace {
+
+// 浅色主题：数字=浅蓝、运算=橙、等号=绿、括号=灰、清空/退格=红、显示区=米黄
+const char* kLightQss = R"(
+QMainWindow { background: #f5f5f5; }
+QLineEdit#display, QTextEdit#expressionEdit {
+    background: #fffbe6; color: #222;
+    border: 1px solid #d0c8a0; border-radius: 4px;
+    font-size: 18px; padding: 4px;
+}
+QPushButton {
+    border: 1px solid #bbb; border-radius: 4px;
+    padding: 8px; font-size: 15px; min-height: 28px;
+}
+QPushButton#btn0,  QPushButton#btn1,  QPushButton#btn2,  QPushButton#btn3,
+QPushButton#btn4,  QPushButton#btn5,  QPushButton#btn6,  QPushButton#btn7,
+QPushButton#btn8,  QPushButton#btn9,  QPushButton#btnDot {
+    background: #e3f2fd; border-color: #90caf9; color: #0d47a1;
+}
+QPushButton#btnPlus, QPushButton#btnMinus, QPushButton#btnMul, QPushButton#btnDiv {
+    background: #ffe0b2; border-color: #ffb74d; color: #e65100;
+}
+QPushButton#btnEquals {
+    background: #c8e6c9; border-color: #81c784; color: #1b5e20; font-weight: bold;
+}
+QPushButton#btnLeftParen, QPushButton#btnRightParen {
+    background: #eceff1; border-color: #b0bec5; color: #37474f;
+}
+QPushButton#btnClear, QPushButton#btnBackspace {
+    background: #ffcdd2; border-color: #e57373; color: #b71c1c;
+}
+QPushButton:hover    { background: #ddd; }
+QPushButton:pressed  { background: #bbb; }
+QListWidget { background: #fafafa; alternate-background-color: #eeeeee; }
+QStatusBar { background: #e0e0e0; }
+QMenuBar { background: #eceff1; }
+QDockWidget { color: #333; }
+)";
+
+// 深色主题：整体深底浅字，功能分色保留但调暗，便于和浅色对照验证「切换生效」
+const char* kDarkQss = R"(
+QMainWindow { background: #2b2b2b; color: #eee; }
+QLineEdit#display, QTextEdit#expressionEdit {
+    background: #3a3a2a; color: #fffbe6;
+    border: 1px solid #6b6b4a; border-radius: 4px;
+    font-size: 18px; padding: 4px;
+}
+QPushButton {
+    border: 1px solid #555; border-radius: 4px;
+    padding: 8px; font-size: 15px; min-height: 28px; color: #eee;
+}
+QPushButton#btn0,  QPushButton#btn1,  QPushButton#btn2,  QPushButton#btn3,
+QPushButton#btn4,  QPushButton#btn5,  QPushButton#btn6,  QPushButton#btn7,
+QPushButton#btn8,  QPushButton#btn9,  QPushButton#btnDot {
+    background: #1565c0; border-color: #42a5f5; color: #e3f2fd;
+}
+QPushButton#btnPlus, QPushButton#btnMinus, QPushButton#btnMul, QPushButton#btnDiv {
+    background: #d84315; border-color: #ff7043; color: #ffe0b2;
+}
+QPushButton#btnEquals {
+    background: #2e7d32; border-color: #66bb6a; color: #c8e6c9; font-weight: bold;
+}
+QPushButton#btnLeftParen, QPushButton#btnRightParen {
+    background: #455a64; border-color: #78909c; color: #eceff1;
+}
+QPushButton#btnClear, QPushButton#btnBackspace {
+    background: #c62828; border-color: #ef5350; color: #ffcdd2;
+}
+QPushButton:hover    { background: #666; }
+QPushButton:pressed  { background: #888; }
+QListWidget { background: #333; alternate-background-color: #3d3d3d; color: #eee; }
+QStatusBar { background: #1f1f1f; color: #eee; }
+QMenuBar { background: #37474f; color: #eee; }
+QDockWidget { color: #eee; }
+)";
+
+}  // namespace
+
+MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget* parent) : QMainWindow(parent) {
+    setWindowTitle(QStringLiteral("计算器（QMainWindow + QSS 版）"));
+
+    m_calc = new CalculatorDesigner(this);
+    setCentralWidget(m_calc);
+
+    buildMenu();
+    buildDock();
+    buildStatusBar();
+
+    connect(m_calc, &CalculatorDesigner::evaluated, this, &MainWindow::onEvaluated);
+
+    applyStyle(false);   // 默认浅色主题
+}
+
+MainWindow::~MainWindow() = default;
+
+void MainWindow::buildMenu() {
+    QMenu* fileMenu = menuBar()->addMenu(QStringLiteral("文件(&F)"));
+    m_actQuit = fileMenu->addAction(QStringLiteral("退出(&Q)"));
+    m_actQuit->setShortcut(QKeySequence(QStringLiteral("Ctrl+Q")));
+    connect(m_actQuit, &QAction::triggered, this, &QWidget::close);
+
+    QMenu* editMenu = menuBar()->addMenu(QStringLiteral("编辑(&E)"));
+    m_actClearHistory = editMenu->addAction(QStringLiteral("清空历史(&C)"));
+    connect(m_actClearHistory, &QAction::triggered, this, &MainWindow::onClearHistory);
+
+    QMenu* viewMenu = menuBar()->addMenu(QStringLiteral("视图(&V)"));
+    m_actToggleHistory = viewMenu->addAction(QStringLiteral("显示历史(&H)"));
+    m_actToggleHistory->setCheckable(true);
+    m_actToggleHistory->setChecked(true);
+    connect(m_actToggleHistory, &QAction::toggled, this, &MainWindow::onToggleHistoryVisible);
+
+    // 【下午版新增】深色主题切换：checkable，勾上=深色
+    m_actToggleTheme = viewMenu->addAction(QStringLiteral("深色主题(&D)"));
+    m_actToggleTheme->setCheckable(true);
+    m_actToggleTheme->setChecked(false);
+    connect(m_actToggleTheme, &QAction::toggled, this, &MainWindow::onToggleTheme);
+
+    QMenu* helpMenu = menuBar()->addMenu(QStringLiteral("帮助(&H)"));
+    m_actAbout = helpMenu->addAction(QStringLiteral("关于(&A)"));
+    connect(m_actAbout, &QAction::triggered, this, &MainWindow::onAbout);
+}
+
+void MainWindow::buildDock() {
+    m_history = new QListWidget(this);
+    m_history->setAlternatingRowColors(true);
+    m_dock = new QDockWidget(QStringLiteral("历史"), this);
+    m_dock->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("historyDock"));
+    m_dock->setAllowedAreas(Qt::LeftDockWidgetArea | Qt::RightDockWidgetArea | Qt::BottomDockWidgetArea);
+    m_dock->setWidget(m_history);
+    addDockWidget(Qt::RightDockWidgetArea, m_dock);
+    connect(m_history, &QListWidget::itemDoubleClicked, this, &MainWindow::onHistoryDoubleClicked);
+}
+
+void MainWindow::buildStatusBar() {
+    statusBar()->showMessage(QStringLiteral("就绪"));
+}
+
+void MainWindow::refreshStatus(const QString& msg) {
+    statusBar()->showMessage(msg, 3000);
+}
+
+// 【下午版新增】主题切换：用 qApp->setStyleSheet 全局生效（影响所有窗口及其子部件）。
+// 注意 QSS 级联——qApp 级样式会被 widget 级 setStyleSheet 覆盖；本例只用 qApp 级，
+// 避免和未来某控件局部样式打架（Day3 下午坑卡：setStyleSheet 级联失控）。
+void MainWindow::applyStyle(bool dark) {
+    m_dark = dark;
+    qApp->setStyleSheet(QString::fromUtf8(dark ? kDarkQss : kLightQss));
+}
+
+void MainWindow::onToggleTheme(bool dark) {
+    applyStyle(dark);
+    refreshStatus(dark ? QStringLiteral("已切换深色主题") : QStringLiteral("已切换浅色主题"));
+}
+
+void MainWindow::onAbout() {
+    QMessageBox::about(this, QStringLiteral("关于"),
+        QStringLiteral(
+            "<b>计算器（QMainWindow + QSS 版）</b><br><br>"
+            "Day3 下午教学参考实现：在上午版基础上加 QSS 双主题美化——"
+            "数字/运算/等号/括号/清空退格按键分色，:hover/:pressed 视觉反馈，"
+            "深/浅主题切换。<br><br>"
+            "对应教案 OUTLINE_4DAY.md Day3 下午。"));
+}
+
+void MainWindow::onClearHistory() {
+    m_history->clear();
+    refreshStatus(QStringLiteral("已清空历史"));
+}
+
+void MainWindow::onToggleHistoryVisible(bool checked) {
+    m_dock->setVisible(checked);
+}
+
+void MainWindow::onEvaluated(const QString& expr, const QString& result) {
+    m_history->addItem(expr + QStringLiteral(" = ") + result);
+    refreshStatus(QStringLiteral("结果: ") + result);
+}
+
+void MainWindow::onHistoryDoubleClicked(QListWidgetItem* item) {
+    const QString text = item->text();
+    const int idx = text.lastIndexOf(QStringLiteral(" = "));
+    if (idx < 0) return;
+    m_calc->loadExpression(text.left(idx));
+    refreshStatus(QStringLiteral("已回填表达式"));
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------ 自测 ----
+bool MainWindow::runSelfTest() {
+    auto expect = [](const char* label, bool cond) -> bool {
+        if (!cond) { qCritical() << "自测失败：" << label; return false; }
+        qInfo() << "自测通过：" << label; return true;
+    };
+    auto expectEq = [](const char* label, const QString& actual, const QString& expected) -> bool {
+        if (actual != expected) {
+            qCritical() << "自测失败：" << label << "实际=" << actual << "预期=" << expected;
+            return false;
+        }
+        qInfo() << "自测通过：" << label << "=>" << actual;
+        return true;
+    };
+
+    // —— 计算用例与上午版一致（验证加 QSS 后行为不变）——
+    m_calc->onClear();
+    m_calc->onDigit(7); m_calc->onOperator(QLatin1Char('+')); m_calc->onDigit(3); m_calc->onEquals();
+    if (!expectEq("7 + 3 =", m_calc->displayText(), QStringLiteral("10"))) return false;
+    if (!expect("历史追加第 1 条", m_history->count() == 1)) return false;
+
+    m_calc->onClear();
+    m_calc->onDigit(6); m_calc->onOperator(QLatin1Char('/')); m_calc->onDigit(0); m_calc->onEquals();
+    if (!expectEq("6 ÷ 0 =", m_calc->displayText(), QStringLiteral("Error"))) return false;
+    if (!expect("除零 Error 不进历史", m_history->count() == 1)) return false;
+
+    m_calc->onClear();
+    m_calc->onDigit(2); m_calc->onOperator(QLatin1Char('+'));
+    m_calc->onDigit(3); m_calc->onOperator(QLatin1Char('*'));
+    m_calc->onDigit(4); m_calc->onEquals();
+    if (!expectEq("2 + 3 × 4 =", m_calc->displayText(), QStringLiteral("14"))) return false;
+
+    m_calc->onClear();
+    m_calc->onLeftParen();
+    m_calc->onDigit(2); m_calc->onOperator(QLatin1Char('+')); m_calc->onDigit(3);
+    m_calc->onRightParen();
+    m_calc->onOperator(QLatin1Char('*'));
+    m_calc->onDigit(4); m_calc->onEquals();
+    if (!expectEq("(2 + 3) × 4 =", m_calc->displayText(), QStringLiteral("20"))) return false;
+
+    // —— 【下午版新增】主题切换确实改变全局 styleSheet ——
+    applyStyle(true);
+    if (!expect("深色主题 styleSheet 非空", !qApp->styleSheet().isEmpty())) return false;
+    if (!expect("深色主题 styleSheet 含深色标识",
+                qApp->styleSheet().contains(QStringLiteral("#2b2b2b")))) return false;
+    applyStyle(false);
+    if (!expect("浅色主题 styleSheet 含浅色标识",
+                qApp->styleSheet().contains(QStringLiteral("#f5f5f5")))) return false;
+    if (!expect("主题状态 m_dark 已回浅", !m_dark)) return false;
+
+    // —— 历史双击回填 + 清空（与上午版一致）——
+    m_calc->onClear();
+    m_calc->onLeftParen();
+    m_calc->onDigit(1); m_calc->onOperator(QLatin1Char('+')); m_calc->onDigit(2);
+    m_calc->onEquals();
+    QListWidgetItem* last = m_history->item(m_history->count() - 1);
+    if (!expectEq("最后一条历史", last->text(), QStringLiteral("(1+2) = 3"))) return false;
+    onHistoryDoubleClicked(last);
+    if (!expectEq("双击回填表达式区", m_calc->expressionText(), QStringLiteral("(1+2)"))) return false;
+    onClearHistory();
+    if (!expect("清空历史后 count==0", m_history->count() == 0)) return false;
+
+    if (!expect("关于 action 已创建", m_actAbout != nullptr)) return false;
+    if (!expect("主题 action 已创建", m_actToggleTheme != nullptr)) return false;
+
+    return true;
+}